雅思写作想要拿高分，要知道雅思写作的一些评分标准。雅思写作四大评分标准中，大部分同学对词汇、语法、任务的回应都有比较好的认识或简单的了解，但是对coherence & cohesion（衔接和连贯）却没有什么概念。
因此，要在这个方面达到普遍的6分水平就会比较有挑战。
今天就跟大家来聊聊coherence & coherence这个模糊的概念，希望大家能够从知道这是个什么要求到能够很好回应这个要求，达到比较理想的写作分数。
什么是coherence & coherence？
Coherence：When something such as a piece of writing is easy to understand because its parts are connected in a clear and reasonable way（www.ldoce.com）
Cohesion: If there is cohesion among a group of people, a set of ideas etc, all the parts or members of it are connected or related in a reasonable way to form a whole（www.ldoce.com）
基于Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English 的定义，我们大概可以知道coherence & coherence指的是文章内部各部分的内容能够合理地连接在一起。
但是，仍然不太清楚二者的区别，更不太清楚怎样做到内容间合理地连接在一起。下面看 Merriam-Webster’s Advanced Learner’s English-Chinese Dictionary的定义：
Coherence：ideas are logical and well-organized: easy to understand
Cohesive: ideas are closely united
通过以上两个资源的定义，我们可以这样理解： coherence 连贯指的是“合理的逻辑”，即句间逻辑合理且段落划分清晰；cohesion衔接指的是“有效的衔接”，即句内、句间和段间的语言要用衔接词连接。
怎样才能做到逻辑合理，有效衔接？
这其实要求我们能够恰当地使用恰当、有效的衔接词。事实上， 衔接词使用的恰当与否，直接影响逻辑上是否合理清晰，所以二者紧密联系。下面我们来看一个段落：
Children nowadays have more problems. Children in general are not as sociable as previous generations of children, who used to spend more time playing with friends. Some children may feel lonelier and more isolated. They may be less imaginative than children in the past. They do not have to invent their own games and they spend less time reading books.
在读的过程中我们会发现很“尬“，主要原因是句间没有任何的衔接词。同时，句间的逻辑关系并不清晰明了。那在词句能表达都比较好的情况下，我们怎样在衔接连贯这个层面去”拯救“或”优化“这个段落？大家可以看看加上以下括号内内容的段落情况：
Children nowadays have more problems. （Firstly，）children in general are not as sociable as previous generations of children, who used to spend more time playing with friends. （As a result,）some children may feel lonelier and more isolated.（Besides,） they may be less imaginative than children in the past （ because）they do not have to invent their own games and they spend less time reading books.
加上以上的衔接过渡词后，整个段落读起来会很顺，不会尴尬； 最重要的是句间的逻辑关系也非常的清晰明了且合理。因此在平时的学习中我们要注意积累一些衔接过渡词。下面给大家补充一些写作中常见的衔接词汇:
1. 因果关系
因为：because/since/as/for/ considering that/ given that +句子（从句）, ....（主句）
because of /owing to/ due to/ in view of+ 名词，...
所以：for such reasons/ as a result / therefore/ consequently/ thus / hence/in consequence/ as a consequence/under these conditions,...
...., so/ so that/ the consequence of which is that....
2. 转折关系
...but/while/yet…
though/ even though / despite that/ in spite of the fact that..., ....
however/ nevertheless/ on the other hand, ...
3. 并列关系
and/ as well as/ either...，or.../ both...and...
also/ for one thing/ for another/ meanwhile/ at the same time, ...
4. 递进关系
Furthermore/ moreover/ further/ in addition (to)/ additionally / next/ besides, ...
not only...but also.../ more specifically/ in other words,...
5. 先后关系
first/ to begin with/ to start with/ first of all,...
second/ next/ afterwards/ since then/ prior to this,....
at last/ eventually/ last but not least/ to end with/ finally,...
6.举例关系
for example/ for instance, ...
...., namely/ like/ such as/ including +名词
a case in point is.../ a good example would be...
to detail this, I would like to.../take…as example
7.比较关系（相同点）
in comparison with/ when compared with/ compared with+名词 ,...
similarly/ likewise,....
like+名词, ....
8.强调关系
in fact/ definitely/ undoubtedly/ without a doubt/ undeniably/ naturally/ obviously , ...
what is particular/ believe it or not,....
not to mention/ especially/ particularly+名词,...
以上为本篇内容的上篇，点击此处查看下篇内容》》》