很多语言能力不错的烤鸭同学在进行雅思口语备考的时候会有一个疑惑,就是:我每个题目都能很流利地进行作答,但是为什么达不到理想的分数呢?
如果我们从评分标准的角度入手去解答这个问题的话,答案很可能是很多同学虽然达到了fluency(流利度)的要求标准,但是忽略了coherence(逻辑连贯)其实也占据了一部分分数的事实。
雅思口语考试的Part 1和Part 2部分,同学们可以通过事先的学习和刷题预先去形成一个完整地有逻辑地答案,但是在Part 3的部分,烤鸭们预测不到考官会给出怎样的题目,所以在这个时候,根据不同的题型来准备不同的脚手架(scaffold) - 也是我们所说的答题结构,能够很好地帮助大家在考试的时候形成一个更有逻辑的回答。
今天的教研干货铺里我们就来解析Part 3一类很常见的题型 ——对比类问题。
我们先来看一些当季的题库中出现的Part 3题目:
1) What are the differences between famous people today and those in the past?
2) What is the difference between the clothing of the elderly and the young in China?
3) What is the difference between shopping in a small store and a large shop?
4) What’s the difference between an apartment and a house?
5) Is there more pollution now than in the past?
6) Do you think people are more selfish or self-centered now than in the past?
通过对以上题目的阅读和理解,我们很快就可以把对比类题目分成两个亚类别,即:
1)A和B选项的对比;
2)今夕对比(now and past);
1) What are the differences between famous people today and those in the past? (今昔对比)
2) What is the difference between the clothing of the elderly and the young in China? (AB对比)
3) What is the difference between shopping in a small store and a large shop? (AB对比)
4) What’s the difference between an apartment and a house? (AB对比)
5) Is there more pollution now than in the past?(今夕对比)
6) Do you think people are more selfish or self-centered now than in the past?(今夕对比)
但是不管是哪一个类别,其中答题的框架是大同小异的,在这里我们就以一个多次出现的题目为sample教大家怎么进行Part 3对比题目的作答。
例题:
What are the differences between an apartment and a house?
Step 1: 辨别题目中的对比项,即and左右两边的内容:
What are the differences BETWEEN an apartment AND a house?
所以被对比对象即house and apartment
小编根据以往同学的回答样本会发现有些同学在对两个对比项的理解时偶尔就会出现偏差,所以课下对于词汇的准确理解积累也对答题有很大程度的影响。
Step 2: 根据自身情况选择一个自己熟悉的思考模式 :
1)如果是自身逻辑就较为缜密的烤鸭,小编会建议大家使用总分或分总的方式进行回答。
Sample Answer:
I think the first obvious difference would be the size, like normally you can see apartments sold on market are around 100 square meters, while the houses could be twice or three times bigger than the size of the flats.
即在脑中构成一个如下的图形:
一些相对固定的句型则可以是:
The first obvious difference would be + 概括性的词汇
For A, they… + 细节的描述
给出:But/while/On the contrary等转折对比指示词
For B, they… + 细节的描述
2) 如果习惯性先从更加微观的角度进行思考的同学,则可以先直接回答观察到的事实,形成两个分的结构来达到时长要求。
Sample answer:
apartments的特征:
I think generally you can see apartments around 100 to 150 square meters here in China,
houses的对应特征:
while the houses could be twice or three times bigger than the flats.
如果还能想到别的差异:
并列关系,apartments的特征二:
And I feel like that apartments are usually built in the city centers or near suburbs,
houses的对应特征二:
but we don’t often see big houses unless people go to the outskirts of a city or to the countryside.
3) 后,如果考场上烤鸭同学们实在很紧张的话,也尽量记得把能隐晦表达对比感的比较级融入在答案里面,形成一个自带比较属性的作答。
Sample answer:
Well, I think houses are bigger while apartments are kind of small. Plus if you want to buy a big house, it’s more expensive but flats in the city are usually cheaper. These are the two differences that I can think of.
上面三种答题方式哪一种更适合你呢?在逻辑通顺的情况下选择在快时间内能够产出答案的方式即可~同样我们在作答今夕对比的时候,只需要把A和B的位置换成过去和现在就行啦!